Controlled production of monodisperse double emulsions by twostep droplet breakup in microfluidic devices shingo okushima, takasi nisisako, toru torii, and toshiro higuchi department of precision engineering, graduate school of engineering, the university of tokyo, 731 hongo, bunkyoku, tokyo, 18656, japan. Weitz, school of engineering and applied sciences and department of physics, harvard university, cambridge, massachusetts 028, united states abstract. Cydia pomonella granulovirus, used in organic agriculture to protect fruits against the carpocapse insect. Monodisperse www double emulsion induced by phase separation. Double emulsions are useful geometries as templates for coreshell particles, hollow sphere capsules, and for the production of biomedical delivery vehicles. Multiple emulsions mes contain a drop laden with many microdroplets. Controlled formulation of monodisperse double emulsions in. Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device.
These are thermodynamically stabilized by a set of lipophilic and hydrophilic surfactants dissolved in the intermediate phase and the external phase. Double emulsions have a high potential for applicability within the commercial field, because the middle liquid shields the inner liquid from the outer and so allows for effective. Monodisperse wow double emulsions stabilized by a diblock polymer of peg5000bpla5000 are prepared in glass microcapillary devices,16 as shown schematically in figure 1. A nanotube of cyclic porphyrin dimers connected by nonclassical hydrogen bonds and its inclusion of c60 in a linear arrangement. Monodisperse wow double emulsions stabilized by a diblock polymer of peg5000bpla5000 are prepared in glass microcapillary devices,16 as shown schematically in fig. Waterinoilinwater emulsions are examples of double emulsions, in which dispersions of small water droplets within larger oil droplets are themselves dispersed in. Controllable monodisperse multiple emulsions the authors. Double emulsion templated monodisperse phospholipid.
Various industries, including the food cosmetics industries, are showing evident interest in the technological development of. Monodisperse waterinoilinwater wow double emulsions with a. We present a novel approach for fabricating monodisperse phospholipid vesicles with high encapsulation efficiency using controlled double emulsions as templates. However, most current methods for fabricating microfluidic devices, such as glass etching, soft lit. Highthroughput production of micrometer sized double. After the nanoparticle stabilized double emulsions are collected, the oil phase is removed by evaporation, leading to the formation of nanoparticle colloidosomes through dense packing of nanoparticles as shown schematically in figure 1b. Controlled production of monodisperse double emulsions by twostep droplet breakup in microfluidic devices.
Microfluidic devices fabricated using stereolithography. Pdf in situ microfluidic method for the generation of. Introduction double emulsions are complex soft colloidal systems in which droplets of the dispersed phase themselves contain even smaller droplets. Part of the problem is that when a double emulsion containing water has sugar or salt in one of the other phases, the combination creates osmotic pressure. The first approach utilizes soft lithography, where many identical doubleflowfocusing channel geometries are. Using a microcapillary device, we fabricated double emulsions that contained a single internal droplet in a core.
Weitz1,2 double emulsions are highly structured fluids consisting of emulsion drops that contain smaller droplets. Monodisperse waterinoilinwater wow double emulsion. Results and discussion monodisperse double emulsions are generated with a glass. The key elements of the system are the mitos ppump, which delivers precise flow to ensure droplet monodispersity, and the glass double emulsion chip which has a hydrophobic capillary and hydrophilic flow focusing droplet junction, enabling the formation of droplets ranging from 80 to 120. Controllable monodisperse multiple emulsions chu 2007. B the 2 reagent chip, one fo the chips that was used in the second stage for converting the emulsions to double emulsions. We show that the high uniformity in size and shape of the templates are maintained in the final phospholipid vesicles after a solvent removal. Microfluidic generation of tunable monodisperse double emulsions for templated silica particles frank j. Monodisperse wow double emulsions are prepared in glass microcapillary devices, which has been described previously. Allaqueous coreshell droplets have recently been generated through a process of spontaneous phase separation. Primary emulsion droplets were formed in a fluorocarboncoated chip figure figure2a 2 a in which a surfactantcontaining fluorous oil carrier phase meets an aqueous stream at a flowfocusing junction figure figure2b. Optical micrographs of the a formation of monodisperse owo double emulsions in the microfluidic device at flow rates of the inner oil, middle water, and outer oil phases of 0.
A singlestep microfluidicbased synthesis process of mes is presented to. Our approach suggests a new route to apply dropletbased micro. Double emulsions are emulsions within emulsions, i. Forced generation of simple and double emulsions in all. If you have not installed and configured the adobe acrobat reader on your system, please. Formation of monodisperse double emulsion droplets. Pdf double emulsions are highly structured fluids consisting of emulsion drops that contain smaller droplets inside. Double waterinoilinwater emulsions are interesting systems for encapsulation of hydrophilic drugs see figure 1as vitamin b12 or a suspension of. The result is the first system that is able to create monodisperse emulsions with. The unselective emulsification of the primary wo emulsion in the second aqueous phase leads to a high number of empty oil droplets, which. Using this constraint we then have for the free energy density f. Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device article pdf available in science 3085721. Rapid and highly controlled generation of monodisperse. Controllable monodisperse multiple emulsions softmatter.
Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary. Microfluidic generation of tunable monodisperse double. All double emulsion generation processes were monitored with the microscope using a high speed camera. The capillary device shown in the image above was made from polyethylene tubing, syringes, a harvard apparatus syringe pump, and a highspeed camera attached to a microscope. Double emulsion templated monodisperse phospholipid vesicles. Our proposed method efficiently produces monodisperse double emulsions having 48. Each emulsification step results in a highly polydisperse droplet distri bution, exacerbating the polydispersity of the final double emulsion. Droplets produced at each junction could have narrow. Furthermore, the multiple emulsions having different numbers. Formation of block copolymerstabilized double emulsions. Simple and cheap microfluidic devices for the preparation. Weitz1,2 double emulsions are highly structured fluids consisting of emulsion drops that contain smaller droplets inside. Two different methods were developed to produce quasimonodisperse globules. A microfluidic device having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components is exploited for production of multiplephase emulsions.
Pdf monodisperse double emulsions generated from a. Controlled production of monodisperse double emulsions by two. Indeed, double emulsions present many interesting possibilities for the controlled release of chemical substances initially entrapped in the internal droplets. The use of double emulsions as compartments for flow cytometry has been limited so far to polydisperse droplet samples, produced by bulk emulsification techniques. The double emulsions generated from microcapillary devices are very monodisperse as evidenced by the hexagonal. In microfluidics, two approaches are currently being pursued for the preparation of microfluidic double emulsion devices. The fluorescence dyecontaining inner drops are formed in the dripping regime17 from the small injection tube in a coflow. For producing waterinoilinwater wow dispersions, aqueous droplets ruptured at the upstream hydrophobic junction are enclosed within organic droplets formed at the downstream hydrophilic junction. By implementing this method on a modied micro uidic device, we directly generate waterinwaterinwater www double emulsions with good control over the size and the number of encapsulated droplets.
Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device a. Monodisperse gasfilled microparticles from reactions in. We show that the high uniformity in size and shape of the templates are maintained in the final phospholipid vesicles after a solvent removal step. Generation of emulsion droplets and connecting repositories. Double emulsions are dispersions of a third liquid inside the droplets of the first emulsion. Duncanson, alireza abbaspourrad, ho cheung shum, shinhyun kim, laura l. Simple and cheap microfluidic devices for preparation of. Lab on a chip experimental soft condensed matter group. Here we present a straightforward method to generate monodisperse wow double emulsion droplet compartments in a single microfluidic device. Glasscapillary microfluidics is used to generate monodisperse double emulsion templates. Designer microcapsules, dropmaker wettability patterning, and parallelization view open nawardissertation2019. Polydisperse double emulsion, corresponding monodisperse double emulsion and method for preparing the monodisperse emulsion. Monodisperse double emulsions made by varying the flow rates of the fluids while using the same device. Chapter 7 pickering stabilisation universiteit leiden.
In the first one, a turbulent flow is employed while in the second one, we apply a laminar shear flow to produce calibrated globules. Simple and inexpensive microfluidic devices for the. Double emulsiontemplated monodisperse phospholipid vesicles. Microfluidic fabrication of monodisperse biocompatible and.
The third distinct double emulsion is the case of corecoalesced. This response can be used to generate monodisperse double emulsions when the viscosity of the mixed core. Double emulsions are highly structured fluids consisting of emulsion drops that contain smaller droplets inside. Higuchi, controlled production of monodisperse double emulsions by twostep droplet breakup in microfluidic devices, langmuir, 20, pp. A monolithically threedimensional flowfocusing device. Introduction formation and control of highly monodisperse singledouble emulsions with various shapes and morphologies utilizing micro. Monodisperse gasfilled microparticles from reactions in double emulsions wynter j. The process of lipid vesicle formation from double emulsions and the resulting lipid vesicles were imaged with a digital camera. Although double emulsions are potentially of commercial value, traditional fabrication by means of two emulsification steps leads to very illcontrolled structuring. Capillary microfluidic device and the formation of precisely controlled monodisperse double emulsions. Model emulsions, with monodisperse droplets, cannot be. Controlled production of monodisperse double emulsions by.
Pharmaceuticals, such as anesthetics of ow emulsions, lipid emulsions, double and multiple emulsions paints, such as emulsions of alkyd resins and latex emulsions drycleaning formulations. Double emulsions may be either of the waterinoilinwater type. Nanoscale double emulsions stabilized by singlecomponent. Issues with double emulsions 23 to date, there are no products on the market that contain double emulsions, because they are difficult to keep stable and also to manufacture in volume. Double emulsiontemplated monodisperse phospholipid. Using rotorstator mixers, monodisperse double emulsions were prepared in a. The effect of geometrical parameters of the devices and the operating flow rates on the morphology, dimensions, and structure of monodisperse double emulsions is investigated and quantified using simple quantitative models. Herein, we report the design of a simple and inexpensive micro. Double emulsion system creates monodisperse double emulsions. Double emulsions may be either of the waterinoilinwater type wow with. Droplet microfluidics, which can generate monodisperse droplets or bubbles in unlimited numbers, at high speed and with complex structures, have been extensively investigated in chemical and biological fields. Only two ppumps were connected, one with the surfactantemulsion blend picosurf, and one with inert driving. Simultaneous spherical crystallization and coformulation. Elaboration and time stability study of capsules made of.
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